Free Essays on Aviation Industry

How much did the airline industry recover since September 11, 2001?Introduction Since the tragic events of September 11, 2001 in the United States, important changes in the financial and operating statistics of airline activities in Canada have taken place. In particular, most airline companies have seen a deterioration of their financial positions, the number of flights and of seats available have generally decreased and security measures have increased. The aim of this paper is to examine the post-September 11th aviation market in Canada with respect to one key operating characteristic: the number of flights of airline companies operating in Canada. More specifically, the following questions are addressed: was there a recovery in airline activities in Canada since September 11th? Were all losses in all sectors recovered (domestic, transborder, international)? Were all losses at all airports recovered? This paper is divided into three sections. Data sources and limitations, the scop e of this research and the methodological approach used are described in the first section. The second section highlights the main results obtained and discusses these results in the context of the recent trends in airline activities in Canada. Lastly, some conclusions are offered, based on the evidence collected and analyzed. Section 1 (a) Data source and limitations Canadian and foreign airline companies operating in Canada have reduced significantly their number of flights available since September 2001. But how much decrease in the number of flights has occurred and to what extent the industry is recovering, if at all? The Aircraft Movement Statistics (AMS) Survey can be used to shed some light on these questions. These monthly statistics are based on aircraft movements as reported by the air traffic control units at the Nav Canada control towers. AMS data constitute a good indicator of overall airline activities in Canada both by type... Free Essays on Aviation Industry Free Essays on Aviation Industry How much did the airline industry recover since September 11, 2001?Introduction Since the tragic events of September 11, 2001 in the United States, important changes in the financial and operating statistics of airline activities in Canada have taken place. In particular, most airline companies have seen a deterioration of their financial positions, the number of flights and of seats available have generally decreased and security measures have increased. The aim of this paper is to examine the post-September 11th aviation market in Canada with respect to one key operating characteristic: the number of flights of airline companies operating in Canada. More specifically, the following questions are addressed: was there a recovery in airline activities in Canada since September 11th? Were all losses in all sectors recovered (domestic, transborder, international)? Were all losses at all airports recovered? This paper is divided into three sections. Data sources and limitations, the scop e of this research and the methodological approach used are described in the first section. The second section highlights the main results obtained and discusses these results in the context of the recent trends in airline activities in Canada. Lastly, some conclusions are offered, based on the evidence collected and analyzed. Section 1 (a) Data source and limitations Canadian and foreign airline companies operating in Canada have reduced significantly their number of flights available since September 2001. But how much decrease in the number of flights has occurred and to what extent the industry is recovering, if at all? The Aircraft Movement Statistics (AMS) Survey can be used to shed some light on these questions. These monthly statistics are based on aircraft movements as reported by the air traffic control units at the Nav Canada control towers. AMS data constitute a good indicator of overall airline activities in Canada both by type...

Hamstrings and Hamstringing

Hamstrings and Hamstringing Hamstrings and Hamstringing Hamstrings and Hamstringing By Maeve Maddox A frequent injury among athletes is that of the hamstring: Dixon suffers hamstring injury Stewart suffers Hamstring injury Brandon Johnson suffers hamstring injury According to the orthopedics article at About.com, The hamstring muscle is a group of large, powerful muscles that span the back of the thigh, from the lower pelvis to the back of the shin bone. The hamstring is the important muscle that functions to extend the hip joint and flex the knee joint. In horses and other large four-footed animals, The hamstrings are a group of three muscles that go from the very top back of [the leg] to the stifle [The joint at the junction of the hind leg and the body that corresponds anatomically to the knee in man]. The hamstrings’ primary action is to extend the hip. They also aid in lateral movement and kicking. Like human athletes, horses can suffer hamstring injuries. If they’re not too severe, the horse can be treated. In severe cases, the animal is destroyed. As a verb to hamstring means to cut the hamstring muscles in order to lame or disable a person or an animal. Hamstringing one’s enemy or captured animals goes way back. Bible heroes Joshua and David practiced hamstringing: Joshua did to them as the LORD had directed: He hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots. Joshua 11:9 (New International Version) David captured a thousand of his chariots, seven thousand charioteers and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all but a hundred of the chariot horses. 2Samuel 8:4 (New International Version) About 800 years later, during a battle between Romans and Carthaginians in 216 BCE, fleeing Romans were hamstrung as they ran. The Carthaginians concentrated on the Romans who were still fighting and went back later to kill the crippled soldiers at their leisure. According to this quotation found on many forums, hamstringing is being used as a tactic of war in Zimbabwe: The latest atrocities, as seen on CNN, are mutilations committed by the dissidents to serve as a warning to farmers not to return. Dogs are hung alive from hooks on farm gates, childrens pet ponies are having one of their front hooves chopped off and cows and sheep are being hamstrung. Used figuratively, to hamstring means â€Å"To disable as if by hamstringing; to cripple, destroy the activity or efficiency of.† Fortunately, it’s this figurative use that is seen most frequently: Hamstrung by Bobby Kennedys laws against interstate traffic in gambling, the illegal horse parlor is vanishing The regulators are hamstrung. NZ farmers hamstrung by world economy Citigroup Shares Hamstrung Since Report Hamstrung by stodgy storytelling Hamstrung by a crisis of leadership Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Math or Maths?Round vs. Around30 Words Invented by Shakespeare

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) - Case Study Example Some information on Karen available to Dr. Banks before undertaking psychotherapy is outlined below. Karen left her parental home at the age of 18 after graduating from high school and took up residence in lodgings in the neighboring county. She found work as a waitress at a local diner. Just a few weeks after finding work, she married George whom she had met while at work. A very controlling and violent man, George dominated Karen in what seemed to be a repetition of the conditions under which Karen grew up. Her father had been violent and sexually abusive from the time she was six years old. As she grew older (13) her oldest brother continued the sexual abuse, until her other brother, nearer to her in age, put a stop to it. She was 16 at the time. Â  George, her husband, would be nice to her on rare occasions, taking her out to dinner and dances, and would compliment her on her good looks. George proved to be a very jealous husband and forced her to give up work. She was virtually kept prisoner confined to the house. Even with the occasional beatings, and not knowing any better, she put up with it and appeared to accept the situation as ‘normal’. Unfortunately, George died in an accident barely three years into their marriage. Karen was devastated. She had been totally dependent on him. He had created, as it were, both the center and the boundaries of her universe. She was diagnosed a clinical depressive and underwent psychiatric hospitalization. Since then, over the past 15 years, until the time she came under the psychotherapeutic care of Dr. Banks, she had been hospitalized at least on 10 more occasions. During that time she had been in the care of at least nine different psychotherapists, psychiatrists, socia l workers, and psychologists as an outpatient, one of whom were to abuse her sexually. Â  

How are Accolades Distributed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

How are Accolades Distributed - Essay Example Therefore, accolades are important for organizations and the process by which they are distributed becomes an important consideration for any person connected with the fields of management, service provision and even psychology and sociology. Essentially, there are two primary methods by which accolades can be distributed in an industry which focuses on services. The first method is to obtain accolades from the governing body of the industry if there is one and the second is to obtain a quality of service measure from a reviewing body which exists to help the consumers (Clark and Johnston, 2005). In both cases, the decision to give the accolade belongs to external forces and there is no direct link between the users of the service and those who receive the award. In certain situations, if managed carefully, a company can award itself an accolade and even manage to fool many people into thinking that such an accolade has been given to them by a respected authority. For example, a company may say that their service is rated at seven stars but there may be no official body or even a consumer group which rates their service at seven stars. The best example of such a technique comes from the hotel industry itself where certain hotels in the world have claimed themselves to be rated at seven stars while international hotel ranking groups have no rating higher than five. Rudd (2007, Pg. 1) reports that â€Å"There’s no such thing as a seven-star category. The Burj Al Arab in Dubai and the Emirates Palace in Abu Dhabi might claim to be seven-star, but that’s their own interpretation, measured presumably by how much gold and marble you can squeeze into one building†.

Radio-Frequency identification technologies Essay Example for Free

Radio-Frequency identification technologies Essay REID technologies Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   RFID is an acronym that stands for, Radio-Frequency identification. This refers to a small devise that has a small chip and antenna. This chip can carry at most 2,000 bytes of data. This device mainly serves the same purpose as the bar code or a magnetic strip at the back of an ATM or any other credit card and provides a unique identifier for the said object. Just as the magnetic strip is always scanned to gain information, the RFID must also be scanned so as to get the saved information (Angell, I. ; Kietzmann, J. 2006). There is a significant advantage of RFID devices over the barcodes because this device does not require to be precisely positioned relative to its scanner. The RFID devices do not have to be in contact with the scanner itself as we have witnessed in many instances in the case of barcodes. One may be able to count all his/her purchases by just collecting all of them into one bag which is placed over the scanner. The scanner will read all the RFID without having to manually move these products across the scanner. For high frequency scanners it could be able to read up to 20 feets above it. (Angell, I.; Kietzmann, J. 2006) argues that these devices are also very minute and they could be embedded in the product labels, the environment and other strategic sites so as to track the movement of the holders. They are activated by receivers and they transmit a lot of information which ranges from product information like the purchase location, manufacturer’s date and the route of delivery, the credit history of the person who is holding the card along with his/her the address. The active RFIDs are very capable of data transmission even if they have not been activated by any receiver. They could be linked with inbuilt sensors so that they can continuously monitor the conditions of the environment and the applications that are of interest to the US military and the environmental groups. The information amount that is accessible and also generated through the RFIDs is so big the it may overwhelm all the data sources that is in existence and also become from the humans view point as infinite. So in a society where every individual is embedded with an RFID chipset, they will always be under a constant surveillance as it was put forward by Cloud Atlas with the resistance taking the form of a struggle to transmit  the information to the present and also the future stakeholders in the globe in case of any catastrophe. Hayles PropositionHayles (2009) argues that that the RFID issues should not be used to beat a retreat to the liberal humanism but on the other hand sees it as RFIDs are just like the human cognition that is multi layered and context aware which is capable of generating novel meanings along with interpretations just like the RFIDs. He continues his argument by adding that consciousness should not be taken just as being the only arbiter of meaning and hence gives non-human agents a room to contribute to the cognition of the humans. And in this view, the RFID technology therefore ceases to be part of the distributed cognition system which have for a very long time been extended and amplified human cognition (Hayles, 2009). Arguments   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   (Galloway , 2004) argues that the calm technology concept emanated from cultural and political-economic environment that reflected on the researcher’s own desire for minimalist, high technology living and aesthetically pleasing living in the work places and this does not change the fact that the seamless computing concept are so much inherent in the present day computing technologies. Also the central thing in the ubiquitous and pervasive technologies is the ability of the computer to have the capability of perceiving, interpreting and reacting to the information that has been fed into it. The information infrastructures also must be able to shift from the periphery into the centre and hence to be able to recognize and also respond to the actual context of use. The context computing will therefore rely on two types of information namely: physical location and user identity, where both require very big data acquisition and also stora ge and delivery mechanisms. The GPS or the Global Positioning systems are now familiar locations awareness technology. Galloway being a sociologist is always very keen to make it clear that the technologists always work on bridging the sociology into the Ubiquitous computing framework and sees it as a very good idea that collaboration between the sociologists who are concerned on how people lead their lives on a day to day basis and the innovators of technology is something that needs to be encouraged (Galloway, 2004). He is keen to put it that the use of RFID technology could be very useful to the supply chain but on the other hand it can be used to collate and gather information behind the scenes from some of the desperate sources. The Data matching that comes with these technologies, along with personal identification and the information from locating sensing abilities; once they are combined they could pose a very big problem to the citizen’s ability to act in the world. This concept of a utopian or dystopian future which is created by these technologies comes from a technological determinist view that the society is shaped by technologies. But (Hayles, 2009) on the other hand was trying to show that the distributed cognition model that could be identified as ubiquitous computing could change the environment to pave way for a utopian or dystopian world is not just a new development that has cropped up but something that has existed for long. I think the epistemological or the ontological distinction could be of a great use in this context. Hayles (2009) points out that the epistemological question is where we could and should discuss the privacy issues as it gets the same sort of things in the data or information distinction, which is that something very fundamental than disclosure of the data could be at stake. My thinking in the way that Hayles (2009) formulates the question as one that changes the way that we think of human subjectivity could be basically useful; which is the general direction as she indicates. On this point, I would like to notice one part of the argument; the RFID tags on what she portrays exist as both virtual presences and devices negotiating the boundary through the transmission of data from the things world to the information world. In my argument, they are just active participants in what could be seen like informatics of subjectivity, taking subjectivity as the primary informatics as being the product of or by constituted by the information. (Gordon Hull, 2014)One thing that is worth noting about this is that the formula here is directly bio-political, as far as subjectivity is neither Cartesian (being generated and also guaranteed by something which is besides the material world interactions) nor is it Juridical (in a sense that Locke applies in Essay 11.27 in opposition to Rene Descartes and in which Foucault means the term) but just an emergent product of the interactions of the environment and the humans. The informatics of subjectivity brings into account general biological information in bio-politics understanding. The next implication of this formulation gives one the freedom to address the question of resistance and also how we should work to ensure that the RFID technology will form a part of a better world but not lead the worsening of it. As she put forward, resistance in the etiological register is so much understood even though not all that effective with the ontological things being more difficult. â€Å"Epistemological issues lend themselves to strategy and tactics (from sophisticated counter-surveillance techniques to brute force methods like smashing RFID tags with a hammer or frying them in a microwave), but how do we understand the ontological effects of animate environments† (49-50). The reading from Philip K. Dick’s Ubik (1969) stresses that capitalism on itself could not be the only trusted to come up with salutary results (65) and she also closes the argument by saying that, â€Å"The idea that meaning and interpretation can occur across and between human and mec hanical phyla contributes to an expanded sense of ethics necessary when the contexts for human actions are defined by information-intensive environments and include relational and context-aware technologies such as RFID† (69). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To me, it seems as far as RFID tags settle the boundary between the informatics and the objects and the transition in between those, they should be seen as sites for the primitive capital accumulation. This is to mean that they are places where the objects becomes subsumed into the capitalist structures of the market as they are dispossessed of whatever the value they might had before. So when RFID technologies contribute to this process as for instance when they are utilized in generating revenues in case of metadata processing for the huge corporations through consumer purchases tracking is the time that they should be carefully scrutinized, with their political and economical subject to the highly careful critique, specifically as it is at this moment that they make up us as the subjects of global capital, and or where the resistance of the constitution is needed or called for (Gordon Hull, 2014). References Gordon Hull, (2014). RFID Tags, Informatized Subjects and Biopolitics. A group blog with people from all over the map. HYPERLINK http://www.newappsblog.com/ New APPS: Art, Politics, Philosophy, Science.11 September 2014 Galloway, Anne. ‘Intimations of Everyday Life: Ubiquitous Computing and the City’, Cultural Studies, vol. 18, nos. 2/3, 2004 Hayles, Katherine, N. ‘RFID: Human Agency and meaning in Information-Intensive Environments’, Theory, Culture Society, vol. 26, nos. 2/3, 2009. Angell, I., Kietzmann, J. (2006). RFID and the end of cash?. Communications of the ACM 49 (12): 90–96. doi:10.1145/1183236.1183237. Retrieved 9 November 2013. Philip Dick Ubik (1969). One of Time’s. Mariner book. Library of congress cataloging in publication data Source document

Got Milk? Essay -- Advertising Media Advertisements Essays

Got Milk? In the fast paced world of today, advertisers have to keep up with the times. One of the best ways they do this is through the Got Milk ads. Milk is a part of everyday life and the advertisers for Milk show this through modern tactics and popular celebrities. By putting familiar faces on magazine ads and using interesting T.V. commercials, companies sell their products. The ways in which they sell the products is not by just stating that their product is good, they appeal to the human emotions, ethics and most of all what is logical. There are many ad campaigns out there that strongly target one area, such as your emotions, but the Got Milk advertisers campaign has all three of these factors. To begin with, each ad is placed in a certain magazine based on who the reader will be, for instance, a 17-year-old girl is going to be reading Seventeen, not Maxim. When I looked through one of my Seventeen magazines I found a Got Milk ad with Britney Spears in tight clothing standing next to a little girl in a ballet costume. Above the little girl’s head was a statement that said Grow Up. This ad tries to appeal to a person’s logical side. At the bottom of the ad is written, â€Å" 15% of your height is added during your teen years and milk can help make the most of it.† A seventeen year old girl looks at this ad and is tempted to look just like her, so not only is this ad logical it also appeals to a girl’s emotional side. You would not find this ad in a car magazine for older men. Ad companies are not just trying to sell you a product they are trying to sell you the image of their product. It is not just magazine companies that try to get people to buy their product by appealing to emotions, logic and ethics, the pr... ...information posted about the company have a copyright from The National Milk Processor Promotion Board. When we see an ad campaign we know who the company is and exactly what they are selling. We have already seen how different tactics that companies use appeal greatly to ones emotions and ethics but exactly how logical is it? We never consider who is telling us that milk is good. People believe buying milk is right because the ads continuously state that it is good. The campaign for milk appeals to people’s emotions, ethics and their logic, it works because, people continue to buy milk. There are so many ads for milk out there that people just see them and believe that milk is right for them because it says so. People will continue living like this, buying the product without really knowing who sells it because it works, they get money for it and we get milk. Got Milk? Essay -- Advertising Media Advertisements Essays Got Milk? In the fast paced world of today, advertisers have to keep up with the times. One of the best ways they do this is through the Got Milk ads. Milk is a part of everyday life and the advertisers for Milk show this through modern tactics and popular celebrities. By putting familiar faces on magazine ads and using interesting T.V. commercials, companies sell their products. The ways in which they sell the products is not by just stating that their product is good, they appeal to the human emotions, ethics and most of all what is logical. There are many ad campaigns out there that strongly target one area, such as your emotions, but the Got Milk advertisers campaign has all three of these factors. To begin with, each ad is placed in a certain magazine based on who the reader will be, for instance, a 17-year-old girl is going to be reading Seventeen, not Maxim. When I looked through one of my Seventeen magazines I found a Got Milk ad with Britney Spears in tight clothing standing next to a little girl in a ballet costume. Above the little girl’s head was a statement that said Grow Up. This ad tries to appeal to a person’s logical side. At the bottom of the ad is written, â€Å" 15% of your height is added during your teen years and milk can help make the most of it.† A seventeen year old girl looks at this ad and is tempted to look just like her, so not only is this ad logical it also appeals to a girl’s emotional side. You would not find this ad in a car magazine for older men. Ad companies are not just trying to sell you a product they are trying to sell you the image of their product. It is not just magazine companies that try to get people to buy their product by appealing to emotions, logic and ethics, the pr... ...information posted about the company have a copyright from The National Milk Processor Promotion Board. When we see an ad campaign we know who the company is and exactly what they are selling. We have already seen how different tactics that companies use appeal greatly to ones emotions and ethics but exactly how logical is it? We never consider who is telling us that milk is good. People believe buying milk is right because the ads continuously state that it is good. The campaign for milk appeals to people’s emotions, ethics and their logic, it works because, people continue to buy milk. There are so many ads for milk out there that people just see them and believe that milk is right for them because it says so. People will continue living like this, buying the product without really knowing who sells it because it works, they get money for it and we get milk.

Bechtel and GE

DPC was a Joint venture with General Electric and Enron in India. 2nd slide Bechtel has strong corporate culture, values and ethics and it shows a great discipline in project management. It has a performance-based leadership and its latest performance-based leadership program is called ‘Employee Engagement,' which says that if you engage employees effectively in a good relationship with a supervisor, you will create a highly satisfying environment. Employees who are happy and believe they are treated well by the leaders, they perform well too.One of the ain organizational goals is the motivation and satisfaction of the employees and as Riley Bechtel has claimed â€Å"Give Bechtel's people a challenge and they'll make history'. Finally, Bechtel provides equal opportunities for everyone. However, employees usually complain about the fact that the majority of Jobs are in Asia and Middle East, which makes them relocate every so often. 3rd slide Bechtel's Corporation core goal is t o strengthen local economies, helping its customers, wherever their facilities are found, to achieve their objectives.It creates usiness-building opportunities for local firms, employing area workers and professionals, and advancing its customer's vision. Also, the company supports local growth, skills training, and supply chain development; The Company supports the protection of the environment and that's why it minimizes its construction footprint; lastly, it operates to maximize resource efficiency. 4th slide Let's talk about the Similarities and differences between Bechtel and GE. First, we will discuss the similarities.Both Bechtel and GE are decentralized companies, which ean that the power and the authority to make decisons delegate from head office to lower and local levels [Less uniformity, Decisions made in relation to local circumstances]. [Centralised: 1) Keep decision making power at the top of the hierarchy, 2) Don't delegate to local or lower levels]. Also, Bechtel ad opts the Six Sigma approach; indeed, it was the first EPC (engineering, procurement and construction) company to launch Six Sigma in 2000.Moreover, both companies want to foster and reinforce the performance of its employees as well as the working nvironment and so, they create projects teams. Another similarity is that the give emphasis on the cultural exchange, thus they work with local firms trying to provide them with the required knowledge on construction and engineering. Finally, both companies promote diversity. the employment of more than 350,000 people in both companies prove that they try to help and occupy local people, giving them the opportunity to produce, create and innovate; all these factors contribute to one of the Let's see the differences.Bechtel unlike GE alters its policies for local requirements, or example, through performance reviews as well as the employees have significantly influenced the cultural change. Another difference is the size of the company, sin ce GE is much bigger employing more than 305,000 people, while Bechtel has 53,000 employees. Finally, the last difference concerns the type of projects, since Bechtel adopts projects mainly to reinforce its employees, such as â€Å"Toward 2001†, while GE adopts different approaches to foster its working and corporate environment, such as Work-out and Six Sigma.

Apple, a Socially Responsible Corporation

Apple, a Socially Responsible Corporation It is no mystery that companies exist and desire to make a profit from their product or service being offered. However, it is becoming increasing popular that companies desire to achieve social responsibility in order to increase their public image, which in turn should lead to increased profits. In this class, we learned that social responsibility is the duty to take an action that will benefit the interests of society and the organization (Kinicki & Williams 2011).One of the ways to become more socially responsible that is adopted by many companies is through green management, which is referred to using various policies to reduce environmental problems (Tim Barnett, n. d. ). More and more companies are becoming concerned about the impact their organization is having on the natural environment. Green management can, and should be, done by small and large organizations since it can increase the public image of the organization, thus affecting consumer’s perspectives and investors’ behavior.In the short-term, going green means that management assists in saving the natural environment. However, in the long-term, the costs will be reduced, thus increasing profits as well as achieving green management through waste minimization and improved energy efficiency. Therefore, making â€Å"going green† a win-win situation. By contrast, those companies that continuously cause pollutions will be criticized as companies of social irresponsibility, which will damage their public image and affect the sales of their products. For this research paper I have chosen to discuss Apple Inc. nd how they are a socially responsible corporation. Apple (then Apple Computer) was built by Steven Wozniak and Steven Jobs in April of 1976. For more than two decades, Apple was predominantly a manufacturer of personal computers, including the Apple I, II, Macintosh, and Power Mac lines. In 1985 Jobs was fired from the corporation he had help start. However, due to the low market share and rocky sales experienced during the 90s, Jobs returned as Apple’s CEO in 1996 (Company History, n. d. ). Apple’s products now include MacBook, iPod, iPhone, iPad, as well as some online services like iTunes and iCloud.Since Apple is currently the largest technology firm in the world, its policies about environment protection are certain to carry weight by public and even have some level of impact on the behavior of its suppliers. [update] One way that Apple has become socially responsible is by creating products that are multi-functional. In 2010, Apple launched a new product, the iPad. The iPad provides multi-functions such as e-book reader, cameras allowing for Face Time and HD video recording, Wi-Fi, 3G, and theater and music repository to name a few.This means that consumers who own an iPad no longer need to purchase e-book reader, camera, mp3 or mp4, and even the DVD player since it has gathered the functions of various products in one. In other words, it has fulfilled the different desire of the consumers in just one product. Perhaps this is why the iPad had been sold out in the first quarter of the 2010 financial year. Apple has also successfully developed a longer-lasting battery which outlasted competitor’s batteries.This means that consumers could save money since they will need not to buy new batteries frequently, which is important to consumers in deciding which technological products to choose. Moreover, Apple is also concerned with the energy efficiency. Every single Apple product not only meets but exceeds the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s strict ENERGY STAR guidelines for efficiency. Apple is the only company in the industry that can make this claim. The experience about designing the software and hardware system gives Apple a convenience to achieve this mission.For instance, the power consumed by Mac mini is one-sixth of power consumed by a ty pical light bulb! Such design can satisfy the demand of consumers since it can reduce the expenditures of electricity and thus can reduce their living expenses. In long-term, it can help this company to increase sales of their products. Apple has also developed a smaller and lighter packaging which has the ability to protect the products as well. For example, the new version of MacBook is fifty-three percent smaller than the first generation of MacBook.This kind of efficient packaging design not only enables the company to reduce the raw materials needed in and waste brought from the production process, it also helps to reduce the emissions produced during product transportation since a vehicle can carry more products, thus, reducing the amount of boats and planes used in distribution. Obviously, the smaller packaging decreases the cost of production such as fees for warehouses used and materials used as well as make their product easily carried by consumers. Another example is the packaging for the iPhone.It is almost entirely recyclable and its retail box is made primarily from bio-based materials. In addition, its packaging is extremely material efficient, allowing more units to be transported in a single shipping container. The paper used in packaging of every unit of iPhone 4 were reduced from 136g to 120g compared with that of the iPhone 3GS. Apple iPhone packaging is now getting smaller and smaller with each and every generation which is more economical and environmental. On the other hand, Apple’s retail stores implemented a â€Å"no plastic bags† policy in order to cut back on unnecessary packaging a few years ago.Plastic bags are difficult and costly to recycle, they will break down into tiny particles that contaminate the soil and waterways and penetrate the food chain when animals ingest them. They clog up gutters and drains causing water and sewage to overflow and become the breeding grounds of germs and bacteria that cause diseases. Therefore, this policy taken by Apple can help to significantly reduce the pollutions caused by thrown away plastic bags, especially since the quantities of products sold by Apple are over millions.Apple uses the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to calculate greenhouse gas emissions for each product. The Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act requires that manufacturers of new televisions, computer and printers must have established an electronic recycling program by April 2011. (Roger Mock, 2011) As one of the manufacturer of technology production, Apple offered Electronic Waste Takeback Program which was established as part of Michigan Law which refers to proper disposal of hazardous materials.Hazardous material can damage our health by increasing cancer risk, damaging our body system and even lead to death. The European Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive restricts the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominate d diphenyl ether, which Apple complies with. Apple also complies with the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 which pertains to the lead content of consumer products and the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals Regulation CH (REACH) which pertains to chemicals and their safe use.In addition, Apple is on the European Chemicals Agency list for producing products that do not contain any substances of very high concern. Further, Apple, along with other top smart phone companies, signed an agreement on the standardization of mobile phone chargers which reduce the electronic waste and greenhouse gas emissions of such by the thousand tons (Apple Inc, 2012). To minimize the environment impact, Apple refers to precautionary principle to reduce and eliminate environmentally hazardous substances from their products.There are three important elements of this principle: preventative action, voluntary elimination and proactive search for safer substitut es (â€Å"Latest News about Environmental Protection Laws and Regulations,† 2010). They planned to completely eliminate the use of hazardous substances such as PVC and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in its products by the end of 2008. They have worked with the manufacturing partners to eliminate BFRs and harmful toxins. Finally, all Apple products are now free of BFRs and PVC and Apple plans to eliminate all forms of chlorine and bromine.The effects of hazardous substances can be skin irritation, asthma, losing consciousness, cancer, infection from bacteria and other micro-organisms, and on occasion, death. So, it is necessary to eliminate these harmful substances. Apple carefully manages the environmental impact of its facilities, and as a result they represent only two percent of its assessed greenhouse gas emissions, which come from the production, transport, use, and recycling of products (Apple Inc, 2011).Apple now discloses full product lifestyle emissions and carbo n footprint; it primarily reports on their facilities as a gauge of its environmental impact. For purpose to reduce the environmental impact, switching off the light and recycling office waste are not enough. There is the biggest impact of this company on the environment when using Apple’s products. That’s why Apple focuses on their product’s design and innovation. Apple has taken significant steps to lessen greenhouse gas emissions produced by its facilities worldwide (Apple Inc, 2011).Code of Ethics is a formal document that states an organization’s primary values and the ethical rules it expects managers and non-managerial employees to follow. The code of ethics for Apple is â€Å"Ethics: The Way We Do Business Worldwide, 2005. † It is applying all employees, including its top management. Apple’s stated policy includes expectations about maintaining high standards of business conduct, to be ethical in business dealings, to avoid conflicts of interest, to respect confidentiality, to conduct business within the law and to conduct business which benefits communities.Apple now requires suppliers to commit to their comprehensive Supplier Code of Conduct as condition of their contract with them since Apple is committed to ensuring that the highest standards of social responsibility throughout their supple base. Apple requires suppliers to provide a safe and healthy work environment, so suppliers must eliminate chemical hazards or minimize the use of some harmful materials according to the legal requirement (Apple Inc. 2012). In 2005, Apple started a recycling program. At that time, Apple decided to hold a free recycling program for its iPod digital music player.Their customers were able to bring the iPod to any of Apple’s (then) one hundred retail stores in the United States for free, environmentally friendly disposal. Besides that, those who brought their iPod in to recycle would receive ten percent discount on th e purchase of a new iPod on that day. This program continued until 2010. In 2010, Apple announced the updated program which increased the products eligible to be recycled. Now, iPod, iPhone, iPad and Mac can be sent to Apple retail stores for recycling (Apple, 2012).They have two categories on the recycling program which are computer reuse and recycling as well as iPod and mobile phones recycling. For the computer reuse and recycling program, they undertake the community to solve the environmental problems, especially the pollutions which may be caused from Apple’s productions. People can bring their old Mac batteries or computers whether they are working or nonworking. If it can be reused, then they will be given an Apple gift card which can be used to purchase Apple’s products. Otherwise, they will recycle it responsibly at no cost to the customer.Apple also accepts the computers which are non-Apple-brand because Apple contracts with WeRecycle! to process recycling f or those products. iPod and mobile phone recycling is a program that is similar to the two programs mentioned previously. However, if the person doesn’t live near any Apple retail store, he or she can simply go online to the Apple website and complete the form and recycle the iPod or mobile phone via mail (Apple 2012). Finally, Apple has become a socially responsible corporation with the implementation of a commuter alternative program which has more than ten thousand employee participants.At Apple headquarters in Cupertino, California, the company pays one hundred dollars per month of employees’ bus, train, light rail, vanpool, and other transit costs through its Apple Commuter Alternatives Program. They have more than eleven hundred Apple employees that ride their free biodiesel commuter coaches daily. Apple also provides lockers, showers, and turn-up subsidies for their employees who cycle, walk or run to work. In addition, Apple maintains a database of the employee ’s addresses and working schedules for those who are interested in ridesharing or carpooling.Further, Apple has offered free shuttle services for its employees as their workers transport between the Bay Area and Cupertino. Those shuttle buses provide seats with individual power connectors to run and charge notebooks while in transit as well as being equipped with Wi-Fi for internet connectivity. Apple estimates that these programs have eliminated the use of over a thousand single-occupant cars per day, thereby saving the environment of the pollution of over a thousand single-occupant cars per day.As you can see, Apple has put forth a lot of efforts in green management and being more socially responsible. According to Senior Vice President of Hardware Engineering, Bob Mansfield (2012), â€Å"Apple makes the most environmentally responsible products in our industry. † They achieve this through several perspectives: the product (e. g. multi-functional products), the emplo yees (e. g. commuter alternatives programs) and the environment (e. g. reduce using material that will harm the environment). Apple is strict and has a high demand in environmental safe programs.That’s why they design them to use less material, ship with smaller packaging, be free of toxic substances, and be as energy efficient and recyclable as possible (â€Å"The Story Behind Apple's Environmental Footprint,† 2012). Further, Apple not only meets government requirements, but they exceed them and still continue to improve their products to continually reduce the harm to the environment. Perhaps other companies should consider using Apple as a role model and together try to save the environment. After all, it is the only one we have. References 1. Unknown. (n. d. ). Company History: 1976-1981. In undefined.Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://www. apple-history. com/h1. 2. Mansfield, Bob. (July 13, 2012). A Letter From Bob Mansfield. In Apple and the Environment. Re trieved November 18, 2012, from http://www. apple. com/environment/letter-to-customers/. 3. Unknown. (2012). The Story Behind Apple's Environmental Footprint. In Apple and the Environment. Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://www. apple. com/environment/. 4. Apple Inc. (January, 2012). Apple Supplier Code of Conduct. In undefined. Retrieved November 18, 2012, from http://images. apple. com/supplierresponsibility/pdf/Apple_Supplier_Code_of_Con

Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay Example

Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay Example Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay Facilitating A Nursing Home Communion Service Religion Essay What will be the intent of this session? The intent of the session is to introduce voluntaries with the policies and patterns related easing a nursing place Communion service for Catholic nursing place occupants. The coveted result is the sustaining of the spiritual, religious, mental and societal public assistance institutionalised elderly and frail people. What is the context of this group? The context of the group is aged and frail occupants of a Christian church benevolent aged attention installation who are good acquainted with each other, and lay Christian voluntaries working together in this country of Christian service and outreach. Educational PROGRAM Plan A. Peoples AND CONTEXT Who are the participants in this ministry? The participants in this ministry are laic Christian voluntaries and occupants in a church nursing place Catholic Communion service programme. What are some of the concerns, issues and demands that participants bring to this event? Participant concern of the ballad voluntaries and occupants may include right ritual, fear and format. Furthermore, issues such as domination differences, ecumenism and age infirmities are critical. Need issues may include cognition, spiritualty, and resources. What is the context of this ministry? The context of this ministry is the offering of religious nutriment and Catholic Holy Eucharist through a Communion service for nursing place occupants by ballad voluntary lay church members in a Christian aged attention installation. The occupant participants are predominately Anglo-Saxon, Christian, Protestant, upper in-between category, educated and range from low to high attention dependance with some dementedness. The voluntary participants are laic curates with fiting standards. B. PURPOSE AND HOPES Why are you offering this peculiar educational ministry? This educational ministry is offered to nursing place occupants of aged attention installations for their religious nutriment and counsel, every bit good as their societal and mental well-being. Furthermore, it is an chance to develop and fit ballad voluntaries with the accomplishments and experience to work in this meaningful field and in making so progress their ain religious journey through charitable Acts of the Apostless. As a consequence of this event, what do you trust will happen in the lives of your participants? This on-going event will offer occupants in the nursing place plan societal, emotional, religious comfort and nutriment. Lay voluntaries in the programme will derive spiritual, religious and community experience and satisfaction in their private and ministry lives. Why do you believe participants may take portion in this educational ministry? Residents will take part in this educational ministry because they have relevant wants and needs that will profit from this ministry activity. Lay voluntaries will take part in the programme because it will carry through their Christian desire for service and growing. How will their ownership be achieved? The ownership of the occupants in the ministry activity will be achieved by honoring people s word and fostering their sense of ritual and belonging, peculiarly gained through engagement. This will be enhanced by the attempts of the ballad voluntaries to carry on the service in such a mode as to guarantee they are secluded to a Communion service of exceeding liturgical content and presentation. The ownership of the ballad voluntaries will be achieved by ask foring them to hold their ain voice through sharing their experiences, feeling and ideas on relevant the issues How will this peculiar educational event relate to other educational ministry in your context? This Communion service educational event will associate to others by being portion of an overall ballad ministry for working and volunteering in countries of aged attention and community religious promotion. C. DESIGN What are the best scene, clip and topographic point for this design? The best scene for the occupants is state of affairs offering a religious and peaceable ambiance. The best clip for the occupants is mid forenoon when occupants are most watchful and comfy holding been dressed, toileted and fed. The best topographic point for the occupants is a quiet and secluded sitting room offering comfort and infinite. The best scene for the ballad voluntaries is a quiet state of affairs with a positive ambiance. The best clip is the first lesson of the forenoon. The best topographic point is a good lit, air-conditioned schoolroom with tabular arraies and chairs arranged in a round form equipped with whiteboard, projector and screen, computing machine installations and video/DVD proctor. What is your suggested overall intent and subject for this design? The overall intent and subject for this design is to fit ballad voluntaries with the accomplishments to take a hebdomadal Communion church service event which is fulfilling the expected spiritual religious wants and demands of the Catholic occupants in a nursing place scene. What are your intents and specific purposes for each session? The purpose of each session is to be after and bring forth a Communion service of an first-class criterion and bringing where Jesus is present. The intent of the Communion service is to convey Jesus Christ into the lives of each occupant and to hopefully guarantee that His presence remains with them until the following hebdomadal session. What resources will you necessitate? The resources needed for a Communion service for the nursing place occupants are a suited room, lay voluntaries, an alter tabular array and fabric, chairs, bible, candle, rood, mass sheet, song sheet, organ, event and door marks and other points relevant to running a church service. Resources needed for the voluntaries fall ining in this shared Christian practice design context are: a suited category room, equipped with appropriate learning installations such as a whiteboard, overhead projector and computing machine terminuss. How can you outdo prepare? The best readying for both the ballad voluntaries and nursing place occupants is attachment to the best scene, clip and topographic point demands and a personal committedness to the success of the instruction event/program. D. OUTLINE OF THE EDUCATIONAL EVENT/PROGAM Outline the whole session in sequence ( a running sheet ) Include: cardinal points of any presentation /input Include specific inquiries to steer conversation and any group work. OUTLINE OF THE EDUCATIONAL EVENT/PROGAM 1. Room apparatus: Table and chairs in suited agreement Whiteboard and markers Alter, fabric, rood, taper, bible, aggregate sheet, song sheet Harmonica Clock. Time frame: 45 proceedingss 2. Preamble: ( 2 proceedingss ) Commence with supplication ( ? ) Introduce myself. Explain what I propose to make. Explain why I am making it. Explain the two audience construct. 3. Concentrating Moment: ( 2-3 proceedingss ) Psalm 23 The Lord is My Shepherd Song sheet distributed to the category. Harmonica played by Roger. Candle alight on alter. 4. First Motion: ( 5 proceedingss -Big groups ) Naming Present Action ( Looking at life ) Ask the category As voluntaries what thoughts/images come to you when thought of sharing in a nursing place Communion service? Suggest the category breaks into two treatment groups to encephalon storm. Ask the category to reform into one group. Ask each group to portion their ideas on the inquiry. Write group remarks on the whiteboard. 5. Second Motion: ( 5 proceedingss Small groups ) Critical Contemplation on Present Action ( Sharing our life ) Ask the category What has influenced you to think/feel this manner about the religious wants and demands of the aged and institutional life? Suggest the category breaks into mated groups. Ask the category to reform into one group. Ask each group to portion their ideas on the inquiry. Write group remarks on the whiteboard. 6. Third Motion: ( 15 proceedingss -Big group ) The Christian Story and Vision ( Knowing our religion ) Class press release sheet on the Emmaus narrative. Remark on the nexus between the Emmaus narrative and a Communion service. Outline and show a nursing place Catholic Church Communion service. supplication Song Come As You Are ( press release ) Reading Gospel Holy sacrament Song God In Hidden Majesty ( press release ) Lead the presentation into the Emmaus narrative and the hope of life after decease. Make a statement on meeting God and fulfilling their religious demands and Jesus coming aboard. Reflect on spiritualty of senior old ages Seek engagement. 7. Fourth Motion: ( 10 minutes- Big group? ) Dialectic contemplation between the Christian Story and Vision and the participants narrative and vision ( Making faith our ain ) Having encountered this Emmaus narrative once more, what connexion do you do with the ministry we are involved with? As you reflect once more on the significance and intent of the Communion service and the ways in which Jesus comes along side us what connexion do you do with our ministry. 8. Fifth Motion: ( 5 minutes- Big group ) Decision and practice Response Dialectic Hermeneutic between the Christian Vision and Participants Visions ( Populating our religion ) How will this educational plan and your contemplation on it act upon your function as a prospective aged attention installation voluntary Communion service participant? Complete the session with the vocal Jesus Remember Me. RESOURCES Educational Event Design Class: USB stick ( ? ) Slide show presentation optical maser ( ? ) appropriate frock projector and screen Whiteboard and pens Missal Communion kit Nursing Home: Sacramental manduction curate voluntary helpers tabular array chairs door marks ( silence please church service ) table fabric rood Communion pyx taper bases for rood and taper musical instruments ( mouth organ ) bible vocal sheets Songs: The Lord is My Shepherd. Come As You Are God in Hidden Majesty. Jesus Remember Me. The Emmaus Story Luke 24:13-35A ( NRSV ) Now on that same twenty-four hours two of them were traveling to a small town called Emmaus, approximately seven stat mis from Jerusalem, and speaking with each other about all the things that had happened.A While they were speaking and discussing, Jesus himself came nigh and went with them, but their eyes were kept from acknowledging him.A And he said to them, What are you discoursing with each other while you walk along? A They stood still, looking sad.A Then one of them, whose name was Cleopas, answered him, A Are you the lone alien in Jerusalem who does non cognize the things that have taken topographic point in these yearss? A He asked them, What things? A They replied, The things about Jesus of Nazareth, who was a prophet mighty in title and word before God and all the people, and how our head priests and leaders handed him over to be condemned to decease and crucified him.A But we had hoped that he was the one to deliver Israel.A Yes and besides all this, it is now the 3rd twenty-four hours since these things took place.A Furthermore, some adult females of our group astounded us.A They were at the grave early this forenoon, and when they did non happen his organic structure at that place, the came back and told us that they had seen a vision of angels who said he was alive.A Some of those who were with us went to the grave and found it merely as the adult females had said ; but they did non see him.A Then he said to them, Oh, how foolish you are, and how slow of bosom to believe all that the Prophetss have declared! A Was it non necessary that the Messiah should endure these things and so come in into his glorification? A Then get downing with Moses and all the Prophetss, he interpreted to them the things about himself in all the scriptures.A As they came near the small town to which they were traveling, he walked in front as if he were traveling on.A But they urged him strongly, stating, Stay with us, because it is about evening and the twenty-four hours is now about over. A So he went in to remain with them.A When he was at the tabular array with them, he took staff of life, blessed and broke it, and gave it to them.A Then their eyes were opened, and they recognized him, and he vanished from their sight.A They said to each other, Were non our Black Marias firing within us, while he was speaking to us on the route, while he was opening the Bibles to us? A That same hr they got up and returned to Jerusalem ; and they found the 11 and their comrades gathered together.A They were stating, The Lord has risen so, and he has appeared to Simon! A Then they told what had happened on the route, and how he had been made known to them in the breakage of the staff of life. Lord Is My Shepherd Hymn The Lord is my Shepherd I shall non desire he maketh me down to lie in grazing lands green He leadeth me the quiet Waterss by. Refrain His yoke is easy, His load is light. I ve found it so, I ve found it so he leadeth me by twenty-four hours and by dark where populating Waterss flow. Refrain My psyche crieth out: Restore me once more, and give me the strength to take the narrow way of righteousness, Een for His ain Name s interest. Refrain Yea, Tho I should walk the vale of decease yet why should I fear from ailment? For Thou art with me, and Thy rod and staff me comfort still. Refrain Come As You Are Come as you are, that s how I want you come as you are, feel rather at place near to my bosom, loved and forgiven come as you are, why stand entirely? No demand to fear, love sets no bounds no demand to fear, love neer terminals do nt run off ashamed and disheartened remainder in my love, swear me once more. I came to name evildoers, non merely the virtuous I came to convey peace, non to reprobate each clip you fail to populate by my promise why do you believe I d love you the less? Come as you are that how I love you come as you are, trust me once more nil can alter to the love that I bear you all will be good, merely come as you are. God in Hidden Majesty God in concealed stateliness lies in presence here I, with deep devotedness my true God Revere whom this outward form and signifier in secret contains Jesus in his deity manhood still retains. God lay stretched upon the cross, merely adult male could decease here upon the communion table God and adult male both lie this I steadfastly hold as true, this is my belief and I seek redemption, like the deceasing stealer.

Haskell Indian Nations University Admissions Data

Haskell Indian Nations University Admissions Data Haskell Indian Nations University Admissions Overview: Students interested in attending HINU will need to submit an application, along with SAT or ACT scores, an essay, and high school transcripts. With an acceptance rate of 86%, the school is not highly selective, and students with solid grades and test scores are likely to be admitted, provided they meet all requirements. Admissions Data (2016): Percent of Applicants Admitted: 86%Test Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 400  / 500SAT Math: 400  / 500SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanSAT comparison for Kansas collegesACT Composite: 16 / 20ACT English: 14  / 20ACT Math: 16  / 19What these ACT numbers meanACT comparison for Kansas colleges Haskell Indian Nations University Description: Haskell Indian Nations University first opened its doors in 1884 as the United States Indian Industrial Training School, an institution that taught trade skills to elementary school aged American Indian children. Today, this public university offers a range of Associate and Bachelor degree programs to American Indian and Alaska Native people. The school is located in Lawrence, Kansas, and all students hail from federally recognized tribes in the United States. The university offers more two-year associate than four-year baccalaureate programs, but students can earn BA or BS degrees in environmental science, teacher education, American Indian studies, or business administration. HINU has a cooperative program with the nearby  University of Kansas. Academics at HINU are supported by a 16  to 1 student / faculty ratio. The university has a range of student clubs and activities, many focused on Native American cultures. On the athletic front, the Haskell Indians compete in the NAIA M idlands Collegiate Athletic Conference for all sports except football. The university fields five mens and five womens intercollegiate sports. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 820  (all undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 46% Male / 54% Female96% Full-time Costs (2016- 17): Tuition and Fees: $480Books: $1,500 (why so much?)Room and Board: $950Other Expenses: $5,620Total Cost: $8,550 Haskell Indian Nations University Financial Aid (2015- 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 74%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 73%Loans: 0%Average Amount of AidGrants: $4,774Loans: - Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  American Indian Studies, Business Administration, Environmental Science Retention and Graduation Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): -6-Year Graduation Rate: 29% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Basketball, Football, Golf, Track and Field, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Track and Field, Volleyball, Basketball, Cross Country, Softball Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like HINU, You May Also Like These Schools: Dine College: ProfileBacone College: ProfileUniversity of Oklahoma: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRogers State University: ProfileUniversity of New Mexico: ProfileKansas State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphOklahoma State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphArizona State University - Tempe: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNortheastern State University: ProfileUniversity of Kansas: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphFort Lewis College: Profile

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Law - Essay Example Administrative justification is based on the idea that protection of public interest should outweigh personal concerns of privacy (Wray 4). The supreme has allowed four types of searches. The first search is referred to as general home inspections. General home inspections involve code inspections and welfare inspections. Code inspections must be done through particular arrest warrants. However, welfare inspections are not required to seek for warrants (Wray 4). The second search involves inspections of regulated businesses. The search warrant on these businesses is allowed if the government has an interest in the activity at stake. Searches conducted without warrants help the government to protect public interests. Consequently, inspection protocol ensures that the government has substitute for warrant that is accepted under the constitution. The third inspection involves fire inspections. This inspection is related to arson investigations. In addition, arson investigation are allow ed without a warrant, but must be related to the fire. Finally, the government, with or without a warrant, can allow and search international mail. In Colorado v. Bertine case, 479 U.S. 367 (1987) case, the Colorado police arrested a suspect for driving under the influence of alcohol. The police arrested the suspect, however, before the car could be impounded; other police officers engaged in inventory checks. They opened the car’s contents and found various drugs being peddled in the van. Before trial, the suspect was granted an opportunity to suppress the evidence obtained in the van. The court ruled that the inventory search conducted in the van did not violate the suspect’s rights. The decision of the court was made according to Fourth Amendment of the federal constitution (Findlaw.com par 1). Inventory searches are classified into two varieties. The first variety is known as vehicle inventories while the second variety is known as person inventories. Vehicle inven tories must be done according to a lawful impoundment. Vehicle inventories are conducted, by the police, to protect the owner’s property, protect the police against stolen property claims and to protect society from dangerous items contained in the vehicle. In addition, vehicle inventories should not be based on the pretext that can show investigative police motive behind the impounding of the vehicle. Person inventories happen after an arrest (Wray 7). Conclusion Person inventories are carried out as part of a search incident to arrest, with some possible follow-up and documentation at the booking stage. Person inventories should not be used as pretext which can show investigative police motive in conducting the search. However, person inventories can be followed by a lawful arrest. Vehicle inventories carried out at nations’ checkpoints are aimed at identifying individuals in the vehicle. 2. What is an arrest? Introduction An arrest refers to inability to have legal freedom in moving around freely. The law enforcement police ensures that an individual doe not escape from law obligations. However, for an individual to be under arrest, the police officer or prison personnel must s how the reason why they want to arrest the person. After explaining the reasons leading to arrest; the police officer is expected to take the person under arrest into custody. Arrests are often made to prevent certain crimes from escalating. In particular, criminals should be arrested to avoid causing more